Answer to Question 1
Two of the major reasons for emotional exhaustion are work overload or work-related interpersonal conflicts.
Answer to Question 2
Maslach attempted to determine what the term represented through developing a self-report instrument that captured the phenomenon as understood by the general population. Her original instrument, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) (Maslach & Jackson, 1986), focused on the people-oriented occupations. Later versions were applied to other occupational categories as well.