Answer to Question 1
B
Drugs that induce PGP can increase drug export from cells of the intestinal epithelium into the intestinal lumen, thus decreasing absorption of the drug. PGP inducers also increase drug elimi-nation and decrease brain and fetal drug exposure.
Answer to Question 2
A, D, E
Propofol can cause profound respiratory depression. It has a relatively narrow therapeutic range and can cause death from respiratory arrest. Facilities for respiratory support should be imme-diately available. Propofol infusion syndrome may occur in patients receiving prolonged, high-dose infusion, and CPK levels should be monitored and the drug should be stopped if they are >5000 u/L. Propofol can cause transient pain at the IV site, which can be minimized by in-jecting IV lidocaine at the site just before injecting. The infusion rate should never be greater than 4 mg/kg/hr. There is a high risk of bacterial infection, so opened vials need to be discarded within 6 hours.
Patient teaching: mouth and pharyngeal assessment
Scheduling patient appointments by telephone.
A pacemaker in a patient’s chest.
Areas of sclerosis (see arrows) in the white matter of a patient with MS.
Pneumonia patient’s chest x-ray. Note the irregular areas of density.
If drug elimination mechanisms become saturated, a drug may exhibit zero-order elimination.