Name the two major disturbances of cardiac sphincter function and ...

[mia]

Name the two major disturbances of cardiac sphincter function and briefly describe them.
 
  What will be an ideal response?

Question 2

What might cause ventilation to be impaired?
 
  What will be an ideal response?

[zacnyjessica]

Answer to Question 1

The two major disturbances are called cardiospasm, which is the failure of the cardiac sphincter to open properly, and incompetent cardiac sphincter, which is the inability of the sphincter to remain properly closed. This latter condition can lead to a condition called reflux esophagitis.

Answer to Question 2

Ventilation is impaired if the nerve supply to the respiratory muscles is damaged by disease or if the respiratory muscles undergo atrophy and degeneration. Ventilation is also impaired if the thoracic cage is immobile.

[mia]

Thanks for the timely response, appreciate it

[momolu]

Excellent