Answer to Question 1
Answer:
Iron-deficiency anemia: decreased; the etiology of IDA is such that when a patient's iron need exceeds intake, the body utilizes its iron stores and decreases them; is often one of the first signs of iron-deficiency anemia
Anemia of chronic disease: adequate to increased; the problem is impaired ferrokinetics. There is adequate intake of iron but poor utilization of it. The primary protein abnormality that is responsible for this abnormal utilization is hepcidin. Hepcidin is produced in response to inflammatory cytokines, which are increased in patients with ACD, so the disorder often arises from an exacerbated inflammatory response.
Thalassemia: adequate to increased; the defect is improper globin chain synthesis, not iron usage.
Sideroblastic anemia: increased; this is the opposite of IDA. Iron intake exceeds the body's need for iron and can be improperly utilized.
Answer to Question 2
Answer:
Flow cytometry: malignant lymphomas and leukemias; evaluates for minimal residual disease after chemotherapy
Cytogenetics: acute leukemias, malignant lymphomas, MDS, and MPDs; helps determine diagnosis and prognosis. Also can detect relapse.
Molecular genetics: hematolymphoid malignancies; can detect minimal residual disease
Cytochemical staining: subsets of acute leukemia; differential diagnosis of acute and chronic leukemias, such as ALL, AML, CML, CLL, and HCL.
Allen Test: An occluded ulnar artery results in continued pallor of the hand while the radial artery
Blue Ringed Octopus
Why is the sky blue?
Disorders of the Respiratory System Cont
Cytological proof from Zea mays that recombination results from crossing over