A nurse assesses clients on the medical-surgical unit. Which ...

[drink]

A nurse assesses clients on the medical-surgical unit. Which client is at greatest risk for bladder cancer? a.
 
  A 25-year-old female with a history of sexually transmitted diseases
  b.
  A 42-year-old male who has worked in a lumber yard for 10 years
  c.
  A 55-year-old female who has had numerous episodes of bacterial cystitis
  d.
  An 86-year-old male with a 50-pack-year cigarette smoking history

Question 2

After teaching a client with a history of renal calculi, the nurse assesses the client's understanding. Which statement made by the client indicates a correct understanding of the teaching?
 
  a. I should drink at least 3 liters of fluid every day.
  b. I will eliminate all dairy or sources of calcium from my diet.
  c. Aspirin and aspirin-containing products can lead to stones.
  d. The doctor can give me antibiotics at the first sign of a stone.

[DylanD1323]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: D
The greatest risk factor for bladder cancer is a long history of tobacco use. The other factors would not necessarily contribute to the development of this specific type of cancer.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: A
Dehydration contributes to the precipitation of minerals to form a stone. Although increased intake of calcium causes hypercalcemia and leads to excessive calcium filtered into the urine, if the client is well hydrated the calcium will be excreted without issues. Dehydration increases the risk for supersaturation of calcium in the urine, which contributes to stone formation. The nurse should encourage the client to drink more fluids, not decrease calcium intake. Ingestion of aspirin or aspirin-containing products does not cause a stone. Antibiotics neither prevent nor treat a stone.

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Excellent

[diana chang]

Thanks for the timely response, appreciate it