What factors influence cervical dilation? (Choose all that ...

[itsmyluck]

What factors influence cervical dilation? (Choose all that apply.)
 
  1. Strong uterine contractions
  2. The force of the presenting fetal part against the cervix
  3. The size of the female
  4. The pressure applied by the amniotic sac
  5. Scarring of the cervix

Question 2

A pregnant woman was admitted for induction of labor at 43 weeks of gestation with sure dates. A nonstress test in the obstetrician's office revealed a nonreactive tracing.
 
  Upon artifi-cial rupture of membranes, thick meconium-stained fluid was noted. The nurse caring for the infant after birth should anticipate which of the following? 1. Meconium aspiration, hypoglycemia, and dry cracked skin
  2. Excessive vernix caseosa covering the skin, lethargy, and respiratory distress syndrome
  3. Golden yellow to green-stained skin and nails, absence of scalp hair, and in-creased amount of subcutaneous fat
  4. Hyperglycemia, hyperthermia, and an alert, wide-eyed appearance

[yeungji]

Answer to Question 1

1, 2, 4, 5.
1, 2, 4, 5. Correct. Dilation of the cervix occurs by the drawing upward of the musculofibrous components of the cervix, caused by strong uterine contractions. Pressure exerted by the amniotic fluid while the membranes are intact or by the force applied by the presenting part also can promote cervical dilation. Scarring of the cervix as a result of prior infection or surgery may slow cervical dilation.
3. Incorrect. Pelvis size does not affect cervical dilation.

Answer to Question 2

1
1. Correct. These infant findings are consistent with a postmature infant.
2. Incorrect. These findings are consistent with a very premature infant.
3. Incorrect. The skin may be meconium stained, but the infant would most likely have longer hair and decreased amounts of subcutaneous fat.
4. Incorrect. Postmaturity with a nonreactive NST is indicative of hypoxia. Signs and symptoms associated with fetal hypoxia are hypoglycemia, temperature instability, and le-thargy.