Author Question: Which congenital cardiac defect is the foramen ovale classified as if it fails to close after the ... (Read 63 times)

silviawilliams41 · **on:** Jun 28, 2018

Which congenital cardiac defect is the foramen ovale classified as if it fails to close after the infant transitions from fetal circulation to pulmonary circulation?

1. A ventricular septal defect
2. A coarctation of the aorta
3. An atrial septal defect
4. A complete atrioventricular canal

Question 2

Which of the following structures are classified as fetal shunts? Select all that apply.

1. The coronary sinus
2. The tricuspid valve
3. The foramen ovale
4. The ductus arteriosus

mcinincha279 · **Reply #1 on:** Jun 28, 2018

Answer to Question 1

3
Rationale:
1. A ventricular septal defect is an opening between the right and left ventricle, and is not in the location of the foramen ovale.
2. A coarctation of the aorta is a narrowing in the descending aorta.
3. Atrial septal defect is the resulting defect if the foramen ovale remains open.
4. An atrioventricular canal involves an atrial septal defect that connects with a ventricular septal defect, and is lower in the atrial septum than the foramen ovale.

Answer to Question 2

3, 4
Rationale:
1. The coronary sinus is not a fetal shunt.
2. The tricuspid valve empties blood from the right atrium into the right ventricle.
3. The foramen ovale shunts blood into the left side of the heart for distribution systemically in fetal life.
4. The ductus arteriosus shunts blood from the high-pressure lungs from the pulmonary artery into the aorta for systemic distribution during fetal life.