Explain some critical guidelines for successfully achieving ...

[JGIBBSON]

Explain some critical guidelines for successfully achieving long-term and short-term goals.

Question 2

Outline how psychologist James Prochaska formulated his transtheoretical model of how people make personal changes.

[SamMuagrove]

Answer to Question 1

These are some critical guidelines for successfully achieving long-term and short-term goals:
Set only your own goals. Don't allow others to set them for you, and don't set goals for others.
Always write your goals down, and look at them often. Putting a goal in writing moves you from wishing to doing, from contemplation to preparation and action. When you write goals down, you become more committed to making your words come true.
Give each goal a rating from 0 to 10 for the degree to which the goal is one you embrace as your own, using 0 for one that you do not embrace at all and 10 for a goal fully embraced by you.
Make a second rating to express the importance of accomplishing each goal, using 0 for a goal completely unimportant to you and 10 for one as important as you could imagine.

Answer to Question 2

Psychologist James Prochaska and his colleagues, by tracking what they considered to be universal stages in the successful recovery of drug addicts and alcoholics, developed a way of thinking about change that cuts across psychological theories. Their transtheoretical model focuses on universal aspects of an individual's decision-making process rather than on social or biological influences on behavior. Instead of conceptualizing change as an exertion of effort or will, Prochaska identified various stages that people move through as they progress from being clueless, to conscious, to committed to making a change.