Answer to Question 1
A basic diagnostic tool is a clinical examination using a probe. Traditional X-rays have been used for more than 100 years to diagnose cavities. X-rays are more effective than clinical examination. X-rays can be used because as the mineral content of the tooth decreases, the X-ray shows the cavity as darker than the surrounding area. The dentist must then interpret the X-ray correctly. This is not a foolproof method of diagnosis, and it may not detect cavities at an early stage, when minimal intervention is necessary.
Answer to Question 2
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