A 26-month-old child often displays negative behavior, refuses to ...

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A 26-month-old child often displays negative behavior, refuses to have anything to do with toilet
  training, and often shouts no when given direction. His mother asks the nurse what might be the
  matter with the child.
 
  The counseling the nurse gives the mother should be based on the premise that
  the child is engaged in the psychosocial crisis of
  a. trust versus mistrust.
  b. initiative versus guilt.
  c. industry versus inferiority.
  d. autonomy versus shame and doubt.

Question 2

The provision of culturally competent nursing care will be fostered when the nurse plans and
  implements care on the belief that
 
  a. a nursing goal is to foster assimilation and conformity.
  b. reading a handbook describing the practices of various cultures is sufficient.
  c. the ability to work within the client's cultural context requires ongoing effort.
  d. self-examination of attitudes toward various cultures promotes dehumanizing
  care.

[BAOCHAU2803]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: D
The crisis of autonomy versus shame and doubt is related to the developmental task of gaining
control of self and environment, as exemplified by toilet training. This psychosocial crisis occurs
during the period of early childhood. Option A: Trust versus mistrust is the crisis of the infant.
Option B: Initiative versus guilt is the crisis of the preschool and early school-aged child. Option C:
Industry versus inferiority is the crisis of the 6- to 12-year-old child.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: C
Cultural competence requires health care providers to see themselves as becoming culturally
competent rather than being culturally competent. This view requires the provider to continuously
strive to work effectively within the cultural context of the client. Option A: Assimilation and
conformity may not be desired by the client. Option B: Handbooks can be helpful but do not provide
all knowledge. Option D: This action should move the nurse toward providing more humanistic care
rather than dehumanizing care.

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Thanks for the timely response, appreciate it

[xoxo123]

Gracias!