Answer to Question 1
C
Qualitative research involves using inductive reasoning to develop generalizations or theories from specific observations or interviews. Evaluation and experimental research are forms of quantitative research. Nonexperimental descriptive studies describe, explain, or predict phenomena such as factors that lead to an adolescent's decision to smoke cigarettes.
Answer to Question 2
B
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A It is a myth that teenagers will try to obtain narcotics by faking pain. Pain is subjective. Also, when distraction is removed, awareness of pain returns.
B Distraction directs attention to something else, thus reducing pain awareness and increasing tolerance. People who are bored or in isolation tend to focus on their pain and thus perceive it more acutely.
C Postoperative pain is not usually sudden, but rather gradual.
D Pain is a subjective experience. It is the single most reliable indicator that pain exists. Distraction reduces pain awareness. It works best for short, intense pain lasting a few minutes, such as an invasive procedure or waiting for analgesic to work.
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