Author Question: A client is suffering from end-stage renal disease. Because of this condition, the nurse monitors ... (Read 61 times)

Mr.Thesaxman · **on:** Jul 23, 2018

A client is suffering from end-stage renal disease. Because of this condition, the nurse monitors drug levels to assess for which phenomenon?

a. Toxicity
b. Subtherapeutic levels
c. Drug ineffectiveness
d. Poor compliance

Question 2

A client asks why the oral dose of her pain medication is higher than the intravenous dose. The nurse explains that with the oral dose, only 20 to 40 of the drug may actually enter systemic circulation.

This reduces the amount of active drug. What is the term for this effect?
a. Protein binding
b. Bioavailability
c. Hepatic first pass
d. Pinocytosis

thall411 · **Reply #1 on:** Jul 23, 2018

Answer to Question 1

ANS: A
The primary route for drug elimination is the renal system. If kidney function is impaired, drugs may reach toxic levels.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: B
Bioavailability is the percentage of the administered drug dose that reaches the systemic circulation. Oral drugs that have a high first-pass hepatic metabolism may have a bioavailability of only 20 to 40 on entering systemic circulation. To obtain the desired drug effect, the oral dose could be three to five times larger than the drug dose for IV use.