Answer to Question 1
C
Feedback:
Do not discontinue clonidine abruptly because sudden withdrawal can result in rebound hypertension, arrhythmias, flushing, and even hypertensive encephalopathy and death; taper drug over 2 to 4 days. It is not necessary to teach the patient to check blood pressure and pulse every 2 to 4 hours, discuss plans for changing medications with the family, or prepare the patient for severe headaches.
Answer to Question 2
C
Feedback:
Patients who are using sildenafil need to be advised to avoid drinking grapefruit juice while using the drug. Grapefruit juice can cause a decrease in the metabolism of the PDE5 inhibitor, leading to increased serum levels and a risk of toxicity. They need to know that it takes 48 hours for grapefruit juice to be processed by the body, so they need to avoid it for several days before and after taking the drug. The patient should be screened for penile implants, anatomic penile obstruction, and the cause of ED before the drug is prescribed. Sildenafil has a median onset of 27 minutes and duration of 4 hours so the patient may have an erection as early as 27 minutes after taking it.
Position of patient to assess jugular vein distention
Patient teaching: vascular assessment
Drug Classification and Description of Use
A physical therapist helping the patient on parallel bars.
Instructing a Patient on Breast Self-Examination
Amyloid plaques (stained blue) in the brain of a deceased patient who had Alzheimer’s disease.