Answer to Question 1
An accident report is a comprehensive summary of all the pertinent facts about an accident.
Answer to Question 2
Accident prevention requires an ongoing program consisting of a variety of techniques. Here are some techniques supervisors can use to prevent accidents on their job sites:
Involve all employees in an ongoing hazard identification program. Employees should be empowered to identify hazards associated with their work and to make recommendations for eliminating them.
Involve employees in developing safe job procedures. Once hazards are identified, supervisors and employees should work together to find productive but safe ways to perform the job in question.
Teach employees how to properly use personal protective equipment and monitor to make sure they do. It is important to ensure that employees learn how to use appropriate personal protective equipment before beginning a job. Supervisors should also make sure that employees follow through and apply what has been learned. When pressed to meet a deadline, the natural human tendency is to take shortcuts. Shortcuts taken with personal protective equipment can cause accidents. Therefore, supervisors must monitor as well as train.
Teach employees good housekeeping practices and require their use. One of the most effective ways to prevent accidents is to maintain a clean, organized, orderly workplace. These things result from good housekeeping. Supervisors should teach good housekeeping and monitor to ensure it is practiced.
Teach employees the fundamentals of safe work practices (i.e., safe lifting, proper dress, safety glasses, etc.). General safe work practices are perhaps the most important practices to remember. Some of the most frequently occurring accidents result from simple mistakes such as improper bending and lifting. Supervisors should monitor general work practices closely.