When discussing the potential for hypocalcemia with a ...

[madam-professor]

When discussing the potential for hypocalcemia with a post-menopausal female client, the nurse should stress the risk of long-term high caffeine intake including such drinks as coffee, black teas, or sodas because of the association between caffeine
 
  and: 1. Fluid retention.
   2. Urinary loss of calcium.
   3. Hair loss.
   4. Skin rashes.

Question 2

Overall energy intake can be greatly affected by relatively small changes in intake of
 
  a. protein.
  b. carbohydrate.
  c. fat.
  d. alcohol.

[Jadwiga9]

Answer to Question 1

2
Rationale: Increased calcium excretion through short-term urinary losses associated with long-term high caffeine intake has been associated with bone mineral density loss in older females. Edema is associated by sodium retention. Alopecia, or hair loss, and dermatitis are associated with zinc deficiency.

Answer to Question 2

C
Fat contains more energy per gram than any other nutrient (9 kcal/g versus 4 kcal/g for protein and carbohydrate and 9 kcal/g for alcohol). Therefore, relative small increases or decreases in fat intake can result in significant increases or decreases in energy intake.