Answer to Question 1
The six essential nutrients are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals,
and water. Carbohydrates include starch, sugar, and dietary fiber. Carbohydrates
provide the body with four calories of energy per gram. Proteins are
large, complex molecules that contain long chains of amino acids. Lipids can be
triglycerides, cholesterol, or phospholipids. Lipids provide abundant energy, as
each gram contains nine calories. Vitamins are organic compounds, while minerals
are inorganic elements. Both are needed in relatively small amounts by the
body for regulation of metabolic processes. Water is the most important nutrient.
It is a universal solvent and a critical component of metabolic processes.
Answer to Question 2
C