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In most cases, kidneys can recover from almost complete loss of function, such as in acute kidney (renal) failure.
More than 2,500 barbiturates have been synthesized. At the height of their popularity, about 50 were marketed for human use.
Vaccines cause herd immunity. If the majority of people in a community have been vaccinated against a disease, an unvaccinated person is less likely to get the disease since others are less likely to become sick from it and spread the disease.
In 1844, Charles Goodyear obtained the first patent for a rubber condom.
Over time, chronic hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections can progress to advanced liver disease, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Unlike other forms, more than 80% of hepatitis C infections become chronic and lead to liver disease. When combined with hepatitis B, hepatitis C now accounts for 75% percent of all cases of liver disease around the world. Liver failure caused by hepatitis C is now leading cause of liver transplants in the United States.