Answer to Question 1
Reduced synthesis of protein reduces the blood's ability to regain needed fluids. The decrease in volume causes the brain to signal the adrenal cortex to increase the secretion of aldosterone, which stimulates the kidney to retain sodium and fluid. The normal liver inactivates the hormone aldosterone and prevents accumulation of excess fluid. The diseased liver allows its effect to continue, and there is an excess of aldosterone, which stimulates the kidney to retain sodium and fluids, resulting in ascites and edema.
Answer to Question 2
D