Discuss the relationship between oral health and diabetes ...

[JMatthes]

Discuss the relationship between oral health and diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, and respiratory illnesses.

Question 2

What is a characteristic of excess intra-abdominal fat?
 A) It is more common in women than men.
  B) It has been proven to be a poorer indicator of degenerative diseases than the BMI.
  C) It may be more harmful than fat in other locations, according to some research.
  D) It is associated with increased risk for heart disease and diabetes in men but not in women.

[tkempin]

Answer to Question 1

Dental diseases may have adverse effects on health beyond their effects on teeth. The bacteria that reside on dental tissues can enter the bloodstream and travel to other tissues; therefore, they may be able to trigger immune responses or cause infections elsewhere in the body. The inflammatory process induced by periodontal pathogens may increase levels of cytokines and other mediators that accelerate the progression of atherosclerosis. In addition, periodontal bacteria may enter the bloodstream and contribute to the processes of arterial plaque formation or blood clotting. The chronic inflammation caused by periodontal disease can exacerbate insulin resistance and provoke events leading to type 2 diabetes. Severe periodontal disease has also been linked to poor glycemic control in persons with diabetes. Clinical studies suggest a link between pneumonia and poor oral health. In addition, dental treatment and improvements in oral health have been associated with significant reductions in respiratory diseases in institutionalized older adults.

Answer to Question 2

C

[JMatthes]

TY

[tkempin]

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