Answer to Question 1
Most of the energy required is supplied by carbohydrate and fat. Carbohydrate is usually the main source of energy, providing about 50 to 60 percent of total energy requirements. When parenteral nutrition is necessary for critically ill patients, dextrose is limited to 5 milligrams per kilogram of body weight per minute to prevent hyperglycemia. In patients with severe hyperglycemia, fat may supply up to 50 percent of kcalories, although high fat intakes may suppress immune function and increase the risks of developing infections and hypertriglyceridemi a. Patients with blood triglyceride levels above 500 milligrams per deciliter may require fat restriction.
Answer to Question 2
A