Answer to Question 1
To evaluate growth patterns, the clinician takes periodic measurements of height (or length), weight, and head circumference and plots them on growth charts. The most commonly used growth charts compare height (or length) to age, weight to age, head circumference to age, weight to length, and BMI to age. Although individual growth patterns vary, a child's growth will generally stay at about the same percentile throughout childhood; a sharp drop in a previously steady growth pattern suggests malnutrition. Growth patterns that fall below the 5th percentile may also be cause for concern, although genetic influences must be considered when interpreting low values. Growth charts with BMI-for-age percentiles can be used to assess the risk of underweight and overweight in children over 2 years of age: the 5th and 85th percentiles are used as cutoffs to identify children who may be malnourished or overweight, respectively.
Answer to Question 2
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