Question 1
A patient had a thyroidectomy and now reports tingling around the mouth and has a positive Chvostek sign. What laboratory finding would be most helpful to the healthcare professional?
◦ TSH and T
4◦ Serum sodium
◦ Serum calcium
◦ Urine osmolality
Question 2
A patient diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has the following laboratory values: arterial pH 7.20; serum glucose 500 mg/dL; positive urine glucose and ketones; serum potassium (K+) 2 mEq/L; serum sodium (Na+) 130 mEq/L. The patient reports that he has been sick with the “flu” for 1 week. What relationship do these values have to his insulin deficiency?
◦ Increased glucose use causes the shift of fluid from the intravascular to the intracellular space.
◦ Decreased glucose use causes fatty acid use, ketogenesis, metabolic acidosis, and osmotic diuresis.
◦ Increased glucose and fatty acids stimulate renal diuresis, electrolyte loss, and metabolic alkalosis.
◦ Decreased glucose use results in protein catabolism, tissue wasting, respiratory acidosis, and electrolyte loss.
Closed urinary drainage system. Urine being measured after it leaves patient’s body via catheter.
Mechanical ventilation. The photograph shows a patient receiving breathing assistance by the use of
Patient learns to not be afraid
Assisting a falling patient.
Chest X-ray of a patient with emphysema.