Question 1
What is the most common cause of insufficient erythropoiesis in children?
◦ Folic acid deficiency
◦ Iron deficiency
◦ Hemoglobin abnormality
◦ Erythrocyte abnormality
Question 2
How does hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) cause acquired congenital hemolytic anemia?
◦ HDFN develops when hypoxia or dehydration causes the erythrocytes to change shapes, which are then recognized as foreign and removed from circulation.
◦ HDFN is an alloimmune disease in which the mother’s immune system produces antibodies against fetal erythrocytes, which are recognized as foreign and removed from circulation.
◦ HDFN develops when the polycythemia present in fetal life continues after birth, causing the excessive number of erythrocytes to be removed from circulation.
◦ HDFN is an autoimmune disease in which the fetus’s immune system produces antibodies against fetal erythrocytes, which are recognized as foreign and removed from circulation.
24 weeks old human fetus
Crohn’s disease
The “Flat Head” (Chinook) Indians acquired their name through shaping in infancy, as shown in a diag
Selected Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs
(B) Actual photo of fetus at week 9.
Celiac disease affects the small intestine.